This is a glossary that lists words that I barely knew their meanings and wanted to know more about them. Since I'm in the language program, I thought those following words might help me one of these days. These are a little more difficult words, but it is only to enrich my knowledge on words that I do not know. Therefore, these words can perhaps help others than me to understand specific topics and subjects that I can encounter in my classes of different languages.
accent
noun
Prominence of a syllable in terms of differential loudness, or of pitch, or length, or of a combination of these.
Example: She sometimes thought his accent sounded Russian.
fr: accent
argot
noun
A specialized idiomatic vocabulary peculiar to a particular class or group of people, especially that of an underworld group, devised for private communication and identification.
Example: She can understand and speak the language of the beat cop as well as the argot of the legal scholar.
fr: argot
articulation
noun
The adjustments and movements of speech organs involved in pronouncing a particular sound, taken as a whole.
Example: Smith speaks with perfect articulation and a vacuous undertone laces her words.
fr: articulation
brogue
noun
Any strong regional accent.
Example: I point out that Connery speaks with a brogue and that our character is an American from New York.
fr: brogue
byword
noun
A word or phrase associated with some person or thing; a characteristic expression, typical greeting, or the like.
Example: It was a ghastly tragedy that rattled a nation and became a byword for anti-Semitism in France.
fr: expression familière
catchphrase
noun
A phrase, as a slogan, that comes to be widely and repeatedly used, often with little of the original meaning remaining.
Example: “To minimize sprawl” has become a bedrock catchphrase of the core political ideology.
fr: slogan
dialect
noun
A variety of a language that is distinguished from other varieties of the same language by features of phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, and by its use by a group of speakers who are set off from others geographically or socially.
Example: Each has its own language or dialect, some similar, some mutually unintelligible.
fr: dialecte
diction
noun
The accent, inflection, intonation, and speech-sound quality manifested by an individual speaker, usually judged in terms of prevailing standards of acceptability; enunciation.
Example: The prime minister has also reportedly paid for diction lessons to smooth out her rough Neapolitan accent.
fr: diction
gibberish
noun
Meaningless or unintelligible talk or writing.
Example: Because one of his books was written in an incomprehensible code, some have thought the word gibberish was derived from Jabir.
fr: charabia
idiom
noun
A language, dialect, or style of speaking peculiar to a people.
Example: Later she observed that one of the most skilled in this idiom was the journalist Dorothy Parker.
fr: idiome
interchange
noun
An act or instance of interchanging; reciprocal exchange
Example: Another day went by, enlivened only by an interchange of notes between Mr. Gryce and Miss Butterworth.
fr: échange
jargon
noun
The language, especially the vocabulary, peculiar to a particular trade, profession, or group.
Example: There is complex or technical jargon not everyone understands.
fr: jargon
locution
noun
A style of speech or verbal expression; phraseology.
Example: I select it merely as an example of a demonstrably vicious locution which ought indubitably to be banished from the language.
fr: locution
native tongue
noun
The native language of someone; the language of the country that someone is born in or native to
Example: She spoke only her native tongue.
fr: langue maternelle
parlance
noun
Speech, especially a formal discussion or debate.
Example: It’s yet another lesson in the virtues of patience—in investor parlance, the buy-and-hold strategy.
fr: langage
patois
noun
A regional form of a language, especially of French, differing from the standard, literary form of the language.
Example: She talks like her daughter now; everyone does, in that speedy, all-knowing, wisecrack-spattered sitcom patois of Modern Family.
fr: patois
slang
noun
Speech and writing characterized by the use of vulgar and socially taboo vocabulary and idiomatic expressions.
Example: In the early days, there was a strong Jewish influence, and much of the underworld’s slang is borrowed from Yiddish.
fr: argot
style
noun
Language style is defined as the choice of words used by a specific group of people when they speak. An example of language style is bureaucratise, the words, jargon and abbreviations which are used by the government.
Example: Sasha loves to play with the different styles in the languages she speaks.
fr: style
verbalization
noun
The act of saying something out loud. An extremely formal new dad might talk excitedly about his son's first verbalization.
Example: But there’s a barrier between her somatic understanding of the master’s form and the verbalization of it.
fr: verbalisation
wordage
noun
Quantity or amount of words.
Example: Thoughts had to be completely and clearly detailed, then phrased into normal, basic wordage before he would acknowledge them.